Lord Of The Flies By William Golding - 959 Words

Joshua Hafter Ms. Yoo English 2AS, Period 5 22 February 2017 Lord Of The Flies Essay In the book Lord Of The Flies by William Golding, symbols are used to highlight the impactful nature of Ralph, the main protagonist. Ralph is brought to so much power being credited to finding the conch and rising but also falling in power along side it. The supporting character of story, Piggy, helps us show how the conch is a double edged sword. It gives Ralph the ability to become leader and create a civilization but also helps Jack, the antagonist, resist the conch and help build his own empire on the island which tears everyone apart and creates savagery which is controlled with the tips of his fingers. Ralph uses the conch to symbolize order, which†¦show more content†¦Then I ll give him the conch. Conch? That s what this thing is called. I ll give the conch to the next person to speak. He can hold it when he s speaking. (18)† Ralph uses the conch as a symbol of authority with the boys in their very important meeting about rules of th e island. The conch comes to represent civilization and order in this quote, as Ralph instructs the boys how to use the conch to take proper turns in their meetings and becomes even more in-power as he is now focused as the leader to the boys who didn’t agree with him being leader at first. The conch begins to age and lose power as Ralph in the story loses his power to savagery leaded by Jack. Ralph is seen as very strong until Jack finally succeeds in killing his very first pig after a long time of disappointment. He begins to celebrate with some of the kids because of the death of the pig and gets everyone interested into food and savagery. Like Ralph and the conch comparison, an analogy can be used for Ralph and the conch. As for Ralph, he begins to lose power to Jack who has always been a rebellion to him and the conch loses power also with Golding stating Exposure to the sun had bleached the yellow and pink to near-white, and transparency. Ralph felt a kind of affectionate reverence for the conch, even though he had fished the thing out of the lagoon himself (78). The conch is shown here as being near-white and transparent. Golding s description of the conch suggests an innocentShow MoreRelatedLord Of The Flies By William Golding869 Words   |  4 PagesLord of the Flies Psychology Sometimes people wear fake personas like a cloak over their shoulders, used to hide what is really underneath. This harsh reality is witnessed in William Golding’s classic Lord of the Flies, a novel that is famous for not only its sickening plot, but also for the emotional breakdowns all of its characters experience. These issues are akin to those shown in certain real-world psychological experiments. A summary of Golding’s Lord of the Flies, combined with the evidenceRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies By William Golding1347 Words   |  6 Pages The theme of The Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, is the reason society is flawed is because people are flawed. Although Piggy is knowledgeable, he has many flaws including his laziness and physical inabilities. Ralph is an authority seeker. He sets rules and laws, yet does little to enforce them. Ralph wants to be the ruler, without doing the work to enforce his laws. Jack is persistent. He is rude, harsh and violent in or der to get what he wants. He wants to be supreme. Piggy’s flaws areRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1123 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel Lord of The Flies by William Golding, the characters Ralph, Piggy, and Jack represent important World War II leaders Franklin Roosevelt, Adolf Hitler, and Winston Churchill. Golding, who had served in World War II, was well aware of the savagery created, and used it to base his book on. Ralph represents Franklin Roosevelt , Jack represents Adolf Hitler, and Piggy represents Winston Churchill. Ralph being of the novel’s main protagonist is important in the outcome of the story becauseRead MoreThe Lord Of The Flies By William Golding1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe Lord of the Flies Essay The Lord of the Flies written by William Golding and published on September 17, 1954 is a story told about a group of stranded boys and their fight for survival against the wilderness and themselves. In this story many signs of symbolism are used by Golding to point out certain aspects of society that Golding thought strongly of. This story on first read may just seem to be a survival- esque piece of literature but, on a deeper look one can find Golding’s true motiveRead MoreLord of The Flies by William Golding619 Words   |  2 PagesGovernments are no different; they fight for power just like the rest of us do. They just do it on a much bigger scale. Qualities from Oligarchy, Totalitarianism, Democracy, Dictatorship, and Anarchy governments are used in several parts of Lord of The Flies that represent different characters and different situations. An Oligarchy is a small group of people having control of a country or organization. A Totalitarianism government is a form of government that permits no individual freedom and thatRead MoreThe Lord of the Flies by William Golding1306 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Lord of the Flies, William Golding creates a microcosm that appears to be a utopia after he discharged from the British Royal Navy following World War II. After an emergency landing, Golding places a diverse group of boys on the island that soon turns out to be anything but utopia. The island the boys are on turns out to be an allegorical dystopia with inadequate conditions (Bryfonski 22). The boys reject all lessons they learned from their prior British society, and they turn towards theirRead MoreLord of the Flies by William Golding932 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussing two particular themes from a novel called Lord of the Flies by William Golding. Lord of the Flies was written in 1954 after World War II. Ruler of the Flies is a purposeful anecdote about something that many readers can’t really describe. Individuals cant choose precisely what. Its either about the inalienable underhanded of man, or mental battle, or religion, or personal inclination, or the creators emotions on war; however William Golding was in the Navy throughout World War II, or perhapsRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1383 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Lord of the Flies is still a Blueprint for Savagery by Eleanor Learmonth and Jenny Tabakoff, the words â€Å"I’m afraid. Of us† first appeared in Golding’s novel 60 years ago. Lord of the Flies by William Golding follows a group of schoolboys trapped on an island after a plane crash during a world war. At the beginning, they celebrate as the y have total autonomy as there are no adults around. They attempt to establish a civilization but when order collapses, they go on a journey from civilizationRead MoreLord of the Flies, by William Golding1055 Words   |  5 Pages In William Goldings Lord of the Flies a group of English school boys crash land onto an uninhabited island somewhere in the Mid Atlantic ocean. Ralph, the protagonist and also the elected leader, tries to maintain peace and avoid any calamity on the island. However, Jack is neither willing to contribute nor listen because he is jealous of Ralph and has a sickening obsession with killing boars. Ralph has some good traits that help him maintain peace and balance for a period of time. He is charismaticRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pages Outline Introduction Short intro for Lord of the Flies Short intro on Gangs The bullying and group mentality demonstrated in gangs has resemblances to the characters in Lord of the Flies. II. Bullying/Group mentality Gangs Drugs/Loyalty B. Lord of the flies Jack kills the pig/Jack and Ralph fight III. Effects B. Lord of the flies Jack killing the pig aftermath Violence IV. Conclusion Gangs are considered a group of people that have a common link together

Elements Of Literature Annotated Bibliography Of The...

Annotated Bibliography Thesis: The Titanic sank because the route was not changed in time of the hit, the cold water mirage, and man’s error. Baldwin, Hanson W. R.M.S. Titanic. Elements of Literature. Virginia ed. Vol. Fourth Course. N.p.: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 2005. 328-46. Print. The Short Story : â€Å"R.M.S. Titanic† In this short story about the Titanic, several warnings of icebergs were sent out to the ship, but the captain disregarded them. The passengers of the ship continued to go about their usual activities when all of a sudden the ship shook. It was too late to change the route of the ship due to the warnings of the icebergs. The ship had sideswiped one and its compartments began to fill with water. The race between life†¦show more content†¦The Titanic was a passenger ship, not a battleship, so it was not built to take on huge icebergs. It states in the article that nothing was wrong in the building of the Titanic, but anything is possible. Man’s error could have been a big factor with the sinking. The ship was built among time pressures, not because of cost, which put a huge stra in on the shipyard. If the builders were given more time, then mayne the ship would have been stronger and could have withstanded more. Higher quality rivets and thicker hulls might have kept the Titanic afloat for much longer. Titanic. Dir. James Cameron. Twentieth Century Fox, 1997. DVD. The Movie : The Titanic Apart from the tragic love story of Jack and Rose, the ship itself was the main backbone of the movie. Plenty of the scenes were dramatized in the movie, but not all of it was false. It shows that the stern rises before the ship completely sinks. James Cameron shows the major keys of the incident. It shows what it would have been like to be on the Titanic the night it sank. The passengers panic, the unnoticed iceberg, and the sinking of the ship was portrayed effortlessly in the movie. Toward the end of the movie, it is said that the ship sinking was pure human error, not by fault, but by fate. The iceberg was not actually seen right away. The cold water mirage was not brought up in the movie at all. The men who were on lookout just did not see the iceberg. It was dark out and they truly might not haveShow MoreRelatedMastering Graduate Studies 1e32499 Words   |  130 Pagesan environment connecting faith and learning. 4. Moral Goals - There is a great need for unwavering integrity today. What are some character-forming and integrity-affirming goals or practices for which you want to be known? One of the distinctive elements that sets GCU apart from many other universities is the added component of spiritual goals. To find out more about GCU’s commitment to its Christian heritage, visit the Spiritual Life page at gcu.edu. From live chat, to GCU’s doctrinal statementRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 Pageson a common theme. The articles include full-text Harvard Business Review articles plus a summary of key ideas and company examples to help busy managers quickly absorb and apply the concepts. Each OnPoint enhanced article also includes an annotated bibliography. ORDER BACK ISSUES TODAY www.onpointhbr.org Harvard Business Review OnPoint Executive Edition is published quarterly and available only at select newsstands and on our website. It is not available by subscription. WWW.ONPOINTHBR.ORG

Mock interview Free Essay Example, 1250 words

John Dewy What do you consider to be the proper subject matter of psychology? Dewy: The proper subject matter is the theory of inquiry. This theory explores the survival of the species in the environment. This theory adopts the naturalistic approach of Darwin’s theory. The inquiry theory examines the way the environment responds when there is a contact with a existing organism. What methods should psychology use to approach the subjects it studies? Dewy: Psychology should use the reflective thinking method when approaching the inquiry methods. When inquiring on something it is important to reflect on the issue first. What do you expect will be your most lasting contribution to the field of psychology? Dewy: The most lasting influence will be being the originator of both behaviorist and functionalist psychology. This has led to the shaping of thoughts like: empiricism, naturalism, humanism and contextualism What do you consider to be an appropriate role for the field of psychology in society? Dewy: The appropriate role of the field of psychology is to provide or give priority to activities instead of entities. The role of psychology should be based on the activity being exhibited by an organism acting to change its own stimuli rather than being forced to react. What particular personal challenges or characteristics, or conditions in the society and the profession of psychology, had the greatest impact upon your development as a psychologist? Dewy: There were several challenges in my career. We will write a custom essay sample on Mock interview or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Due to the many children that I had I faced some financial problems due to my low salary and to earn more I had to work additional hours every week. Letta Steta Holingsworth What do you consider to be the proper subject matter of psychology? Letta: The proper subject matter was the development of intelligence theory and testing. Intelligence can only be determined by subjecting a child to a test to determine their intellectual levels What methods should psychology use to approach the subjects it studies? Letta: The most appropriate methods of studying the intellectual levels are the use of tests like the Stanford-Binet’s Scale. This method determines the level of IQ accurately. What do you expect will be your most lasting contribution to the field of psychology? Letta: My lasting contribution will be my study in clinical psychology, the psychology of women and educational psychology especially the psychology of the highly gifted. In my master’s thesis I challenged the theory behind sexist hiring practices: the supposed incapacitation of women every month as a result of menstruation.

The Theory Of Social Development - 798 Words

John Dewey (1859 – 1950), was one of the first national figures in education policy in the United States. He disagreed with idea that schools should focus on repetitive and rote memorization and he proposed a method of directed living in which they engaged in a real-world and practical workshops in a way that their knowledge and thoughts can be demonstrated creatively and collaboratively. He emphasized the importance that previous experience and prior knowledge play in the development of new understanding. He believed that academic advisor need to consider student’s life experience and previous coursework and experience in generating interest and helping them to achieve the success by formulating the best possible programs for their educational development. Lev S. Vygotsky (1896 – 1934), His work focused on learning and cognitive development in children; he developed the theory of social development; his work become the foundation of much research and theory in cognitive development over the past several decades. He believed that each student operates within a range of ability and that educators would best facilitate learning by presenting students with work that challenges without overwhelming them. If work is too easy the student will be bored, while if the work is too difficult the student will not have the intellectual tools necessary to learn anything from attempting the work. What is known today as Zone of Proximal Development. His pioneer work on learning sciencesShow MoreRelatedSocial Development And Theory Of Mind751 Words   |  4 Pagestheir cognitive understandings. Ideas regarding social development and theory of mind were explored thoroughly. An emphasis was placed on understanding and identifying how these concept s begin development in humans as infants and progress through adulthood.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   First, social development  involves learning and interacting with other people in social settings and situations. Through these experiences, we learn how to socially respond. â€Å"By social responsiveness, we mean the initiation of behaviorsRead MoreVygotsky And The Social Development Theory743 Words   |  3 PagesLev Vygotsky and the Social Development Theory Born on November 17, 1896 in Orsha, Russia, Lev Vygotsky entered into a well-educated. (Ghassemzadeh, Posner, Rothbart, 2013, p. 293). Having a banker as a father, Vygotsky was given the privilege of private tutors while young. (Jones, 2003). He went on to study human development at Moscow University and Shanyavsky Open University, and later became a psychologist. (Cherry, n.d.). Vygotsky helped to create an approach to how the human mind is developedRead MoreMoral Development And The Social Learning Theory Essay1466 Words   |  6 Pagesmoral development and the theories of cognitive development and the Social Learning theory. It will also cover key theorists and their perspectives moving on to different kinds of development followed by an evaluation of the chosen theories and the studies that surround their validity. The final segment will be of the nature nurture aspect. Moral development is essentially the ability to distinguish right from wrong actions and good from bad behaviour. Albert Bandura believed in the social learningRead MoreSocial Development And Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1519 Words   |  7 PagesAdolescence (12-18 years of age) stage in human development is the period between puberty to legal adulthood. During this transitional stage physical, emotional, intellectual, social and psychological changes occur. This essay will discuss about some transition on socio-cultural and cognitive aspects as well as two normative and a non-normative events occurring during this stage. Erikson’s theory of social development and Piaget’s theory of cognitive development has been used in this essay to discuss theRead MoreTheories That Are Developed For Social And Emotional Development1364 Words   |  6 Pagesnineteen months of age infants are going through a lot of development changes such as social, emotional, cognitive and physical changes. This progress report will be assessing the process and development of Alina’s zero to two years of life. This report will discuss the various mild stones, obstacles, goals and development reached by Alina during her first two years of life. The purpose of this paper is to compare different theories of development to the early years of life, it will also touch basisRead MoreEssay on Lev Vygotsky and Social Development Theory1038 Words   |  5 Pagescreated the Social Development Theory/ Sociocultural Theory. Vygotsky believed that childrens mental, language, and social development is supported and enhanced through social interaction. Vygotsky also believed that beginning at birth, children seek out adults for social interactions and that development occurs through these interactions. The belief that social development sets a precedent for development(appeals to the nurture side of development). The general idea from this theory is that beingRead MoreLearning Theories, Behavioral Tendencies, And Social Development2000 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Gaining experience as a future teacher helps in understanding the multiple challenges of education. By observing these challenges, one becomes better equipped and more prepared to enter the field. Learning theories, behavioral tendencies, and social development are all factors that affect a student’s success in education. In this paper I will analyze and explain the observations made inside and outside of the classroom at Clarkston High School. Clarkston High School I chose to completeRead MoreWorld Theory And Wallersteins Stages Of Social And Economic Development731 Words   |  3 Pagesessay attempts to compare and to contrast the theories of Walt Rostows stages of social and economic development and Wallersteins world system theory. The Rostows five-stage model of economic growth and core-periphery concept of Wallerstein’s three-part world system theory are both used to identify a countrys development. Although they have similarities, there are differences between the two models. Rostows five-stage model emphasizes on the development process of countries. On the other hand, WallersteinsRead MoreSocial Psychology Theories About Attitude Development And Attitude Change865 Words   |  4 PagesThis analytical paper is created in hopes of generating a deeper understanding of attitudes and social psychology and their importance to the social world for all individuals. This should be accomplished through evaluating and addressing how atti tudes develop through the social learning theory and behaviorism; how attitudes change by implementing persuasion, cognitive dissonance, and emotion. Additionally, analyzing what approaches and programs are effective and ineffective in a couple of case studiesRead MoreSocial Psychology Theories About The Development Of Prosocial Behavior And Altruism1520 Words   |  7 Pagesthey too should get involved because someone else is helping. What are the primary social psychology theories about the development of these two phenomena? According the University of Alabama, there are four main social psychology theories about the development of prosocial behavior and altruism. These are social exchange, empathy-altruism, social norms, and evolutionary psychology. The Social Exchange Theory discusses that the reason we involve in prosocial behavior is because of the benefits

Write About the Way in Which Hosseini Uses Setting in Free Essays

Write about the way the significance of the way in which Hosseini uses setting in ‘The Kite Runner’. Focus on two or three. Hosseini uses setting in the kite runner in various ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Write About the Way in Which Hosseini Uses Setting in or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is a tool in showcasing the social division between Hazara and Pashtuns in Kabul and is also used to dramatise and add tension to the story. An example of Hosseini adding tension through setting is Amir and Baba’s car journey from Kabul to Jalalabad. It is narrated by Amir in the present tense, as if he is there telling us what’s happening at that moment as opposed to the past tense narrative style that the remainder of the book is told in. The scene begins with ‘ We pulled up to the check point’ we are only limited to Amir’s view at the time, whilst Amir usually adds his thoughts for example just before Hassan gets raped, after his harelip has been fixed he says ‘†¦which was ironic. Because that was the winter Hassan stopped smiling’ there is no reflection of the past in this scene. There is no sense of omniscience and the reader feels for the first time that Amir is vulnerable and that he is real. The scene continues with ‘Feet crushed gravel’ by using the word ‘feet’ instead of some ones feet or the Russian soldiers feet, Hosseini makes it impersonal and threatening, as if the feet do not belong to a human being with emotions. It also allows the reader to understand how Amir was feeling at the time, he knows that the feet belonged to the Russian soldier but he doesn’t tell us and by only including information he knew at the time we turn into Amir and we feel his fear. The people in the car are clearly on edge, Hosseini shows us this through ‘a flicker of a lighter’, in order to hear it in the truck Amir and the other passengers must have been very quiet and listening out for anything threatening. The word ‘flicker’ is gentle and emphasises how still and alert they must have been. The deathly silence is broken by a ‘shrill cackling’ that scares Amir. There is an eerie quality to this, the word ‘cackling’ is usually associated with witches in children’s books, and although this should be very cliched- the evil character having an evil laugh- Hosseini ets up the scene in such a way that you feel frightened for Amir. The laughing man then starts singing an ‘old Afghan wedding song’ and this is when his identity is revealed ‘†¦with a thick Russian accent’. This adds to the eeriness as there is a conflict of expectations- its more unsettling that the Russian soldie r is singing and laughing rather than if he had been beating someone. When the door of the truck is opened and the three men peer in, Amir describes ‘a bone coloured moon’ hanging in the sky. The word ‘bone’ intensifies the feeling of danger and death, Hosseini could of used ‘white’ or any other adjective to describe the moon but by associating the moon with bone he warns the reader that something bad is about to take place. The moon is also used later on, to show Baba’s bravery and nobility when he stands up to the Russian soldier ‘he eclipsed the moonlight’. Baba is shown to be fearless, he is larger than the moon and he shields them from it and everything else. Amir uses his direct thoughts when he describes how he had believed the Russian soldier has shot Baba ‘It’s done, then. I’m eighteen and alone†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ in doing this not only does it allow the reader to sympathise with Amir and connect with him but its highlights how dangerous the situation is, Amir cant even protest against what’s happening, the calm way in which he thinks it through ‘where do I bury him? Where do I go after? I find is quite disturbing. I feel that it lacks emotion and for me I wonder if this is a fabrication by Amir -the writer. He knows that Baba didn’t die, but he presents it in this way to sensationalise the story. Another use of setting in the story is to show the great divisions of society in Kabul, Hosseini uses Baba’s house and Ali’s hut to show the social structure in Kabul. Baba and Amir who were Pashtuns and Sunni Muslims were the affluent upper class and were respected whilst the Hassan and Ali as Hazaras and Shia Muslims were servants. The two houses are also used to show the different father-son relationship between Hassan and Ali and Baba and Amir. Baba’s house is described as being very grand; the entire paragraph dedicated to it oozes wealth and prosperity. Hosseini uses superlative adjectives to describe the house ‘prettiest house in all of Kabul†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Everything about the house is luxurious and beautiful, there are great descriptions of tapestries and ‘marble floors and wide windows’. Even the smells in the house are rich ‘perpetually smelled of tobacco and cinnamon’, the word ‘perpetually’ hints that Baba’s wealth was continuous, it would never end, as if Amir believed that he would always live in this luxury. The house is very formal ‘poplar trees lined the driveway’ and ‘rosebushes’ flanked the entryway. However throughout this beautiful description there are some cracks and some uneasiness. In particular the ‘wrought- iron gates’ that give the house a prison like feel, and also the mention of Rahim Khan ‘ I’m in his arms, but it’s Rahim Khan’s pinky my fingers are curled around’ this suggests that within the opulence there are some badly hidden issues. In contrast Ali’s hut is introduced to the reader by the heading ‘the Wall of Ailing Corn’ the corn that ‘never really took’ as if there is also something wrong with the hut. Whilst Baba’s house is given a detailed description Amir’s description of Ali’s hut is brief, perhaps because he doesn’t think its significant or maybe because he doesn’t remember it much, he admits himself ‘in the eighteen years that I lived in that house, I stepped into Hassan and Ali’s quarters only a handful of times†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ He remembers it as ‘sparse, clean, dimly lit†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ it is simple and modest and reflects the character of it inhabitants. There is nothing extraneous and nothing excessive unlike Baba’s house with the mahogany table that could easily seat ‘thirty guests’ or the ‘two acres of backyard’. He also describes a ‘loquat tree’ that gave shade to the house; this differs to the ‘poplar trees’ and ‘rosebushes’ of Baba’s house. Loquat trees are local trees in Kabul whilst rosebushes are foreign, they also have purpose they produce fruit unlike Baba’s trees that are purely decoration. It is ironic that the smallest thing that Baba owns he shares and is associated with Ali ‘Baba and Ali had planted a small vegetable garden’. It is also significant that Amir describes his house as ‘Baba’s estate’ or Baba’s house. He doesn’t claim it, but when he describes Hassan and Ali’s ouse, not only does he call it a’ home’ rather than a ‘house’ but he says that its their home. The hut signifies the close relationship between Ali and Hassan; they don’t have fancy tapestries or tables that get in the way of each other. There is always something between Ba ba and Amir, even the house divides them ‘upstairs was my bedroom, Baba’s room and his study†¦. ’ Baba constantly shuts Amir out of his study ‘â€Å"Go on now,† he would say, â€Å"This is grown-ups time†. ’ Hassan and Ali slept in the same room with ‘two mattresses on opposite sides of the room’- they were always together. Ali’s hut also shows Amir’s attitude towards Hazaras and shows that the social division between Hazaras and Pashtuns is one that affects the younger generation too. He calls Hassan’s home a ‘mud hut’ and although he says it’s modest, it’s evident that he doesn’t think much of it. However the ironic thing is that Hassan and Ali’s hut fits with Kabul whilst Baba’s estate stands out not only because it’s pretty but because the vast majority of Kabul do not live like that a fact Amir is only aware of when he is much older. How to cite Write About the Way in Which Hosseini Uses Setting in, Papers

Sculptures Of David Essay Example For Students

Sculptures Of David Essay From 1430 to 1623A.D., four sculptures of the Biblical David were created. From the master artists Bernini, Donatello, Michelangelo, and Verrocchio came the most famous Davids of the world. Even though infinitely many were made, these surpass the others to become marvels that will live forever. The earliest of the Davids, is the work of Donatelloc.1430. This magnificent work is a life-size, nude, bronze, figure of David. The sculpture is portraying the scene after David has cut off the head of Goliath. His foot is raised on the severed head in a stance of contropposto. His sword is in the right hand with the stone in the left. This very smooth and natural looking sculpture was originally part of Medici courtyard and is the only David of the four created for a private collection. There are a few symbolic ingredients to this David. The style of the figure refers to antiquity for the balance and composition of the nude. Energy in the sculpture animates the emotions and is a new technique used in this David, once again showing qualities from antiquity. This energy is not used in the other figures. In addition, Donatellos David is said to host homosexual overtones, in the feministic appearance of the body and the stance. Overall, this version of the biblical hero is elegantly designed and the originality is fascinating. Verrocchios David c.1473-75A.D. greatly differs from those of the other artists. This statue was commissioned by the Medici family, like that of Donatellos. However, it was created for public display. It was in the Palazzo Vecchio, where it gained almost a republican or city-related meaning similar to the reputation that the David of Donatello gained, after it was also moved to the same site. The similarity stops here. The proudness shows that the hero was well capable of slaying the giant where Donatellos shows almost no emotion. The explicitness of the emotion contrasts greatly with the sensualness of Donatellos. Verrocchios is fully clothed in elegant armor when Michelangelos and as well as Donatellos were vulnerable in their nudity. In Verrocchios sculpture, David carries a small sword in one hand and his other is on his hip confidently. This figure shows a nice S-curve and a stance of contropposto. Standing above the head of the giant, the sculpture takes place after the slaying of Goliath. The facial expression show triumph and most of all confidence. Therefore, this work shows psychological implications. However, it was meant to be more appreciated for its exceptional bronze sheen. The gigantic David by Michelangelo c.1501-04A.D. is an unquestionable masterpiece. It was originally commissioned as a decoration for the Florence Cathedral. Since the sculpture was so majestic, it was decided to be displayed in a closer, more visible area. It was finally moved in front of Piazza della Signoria, where it would replace a sculpture of Donatellos. This David is a full nude that shows David before battle. The face is in profile; he has a slingshot in the left hand and  a stone in the right. The face shows extreme emotion which pulls it away from the classical genre. The design and stance of the figure has a confidence and arrogance that matched that of its creator, Michelangelo. This version of the hero was looked to as a potent symbol in Florence, resembling the Biblical beliefs along with the fusion of civic beliefs. This is very unlike the symbolism of Donatellos. The nudity symbolizes that Davids platonic love and belief in God protected him. Michelangelos David is an incredible representation of both the Bible story, in that it closely follows the scripture, and reason, in the references to Greek philosophy. .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 , .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 .postImageUrl , .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 , .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179:hover , .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179:visited , .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179:active { border:0!important; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179:active , .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179 .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8a8e490d08b2b2549d8c3e300414f179:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Andy Warhol research EssayThus also symbolizing that reason and faith Christianity can coexist. Finally, Berninis David c.1623A.D. conquers all in the expression of emotion. This public sculpture has a face full of determination and struggling. The exaggerated S-curve of the figure shows movement as David is throwing the stone. None of the other three sculptures give insight during the battle with the giant. Also, Berninis David is clothed in a tunic and is carrying a pouch of some sort. Hes holding the rock and slingshot as in action while his feet are firmly planted in the ground. This is certainly the most dramatic and realistic portrayal of David. Berninis objective was not like the other artists of the Davids. His objective was drama. The symbolism is that of moments in his lifetime. An example of this would be the harp at his feet, depicting his abandonment of his music when he went to fight Goliath. The armor at his feet showed that his sure feelings and belief in God protected him. And the slingshot symbolized the triumph and victory over the giant. This work is one that gives the viewer insight into the mind of David and takes them to the scene. Each interpretation is interesting and has a slight mystery attached. All of the four Davids excel in a particular area. Berninis David has the most emotional appeal, where Donatellos has the most serene and innocent qualities. Verrocchios displays mighty confidence and Michelangelos David best fits the Biblical David, in my opinion. Nevertheless, each sculpture will grab your attention, leave you wordless and in awe.

Theories of Organizational Conflicts-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Disucss about the Theories of Organizational Conflict. Answer: Organizational conflict refers to the condition of misunderstanding or disagreement that is caused by the perceived or actual opposition in the needs, interests and values among people who work together. Organizational conflict may also be termed as workplace conflict. The conflicts occur during situations where there is an interaction between two or more members of an organization involving contradictory opinions. Organizational conflicts are influenced by a variety of factors like the lack of clarity in the responsibility of the team members, the interpersonal relationship that is shared by the members of the organization. The scarcity of the needed resources may lead to the rise of conflict between the members of the organization. This report attempts to look into the two theories of the organizational conflict. These theories are the organizational conflict theory and the conflict management theory. Keywords: Organizational conflict, Organizational Conflict theory, Change Management Theorys Introduction Organizational conflict refers to the condition of misunderstanding or disagreement that is caused by the perceived or actual opposition in the needs, interests and values among people who work together. Organizational conflict may also be termed as workplace conflict. The conflicts occur during situations where there is an interaction between two or more members of an organization involving contradictory opinions. These opinions may be brought forward concerning any particular decision or task that has taken place within the organization. Organizational conflict, in simpler terms, implies to the outcomes of the human interaction that commences with the declaration of a member of the organization that his values, attitudes or goals are not compatible with the attitude, values or goals that have been set by the organization and needs to be followed by the members of the organization (Siira, 2012). The incompatibility of the opinions may arise between two members of the organization wo rking in the same group, between two groups of members in the organization or within a person who is working member of an organization. There are several types of conflicts that may arise within an organization. The various types of conflicts are the task conflicts, process conflicts and the relationship conflicts. Organizational conflicts are influenced by a variety of factors like the lack of clarity in the responsibility of the team members, the interpersonal relationship that is shared by the members of the organization. The scarcity of the needed resources may lead to the rise of conflict between the members of the organization. The disagreement of the members on the fields of interest may also lead to the conflicts and altercations within the workplace. The main causes of the organizational conflict are the disruption of the communication, the lack of accountability on the part of the members (Marion Gonzales, 2013). The misunderstanding on the part of the employees may also lead to the conflicts within the organization. Organizational conflict may also arise from the conditions where the targets that are set by the superiors are not met by the employees who work under their supervision (Bhat et al, 2013). The following report deals with the theories of the conflict within the organizati on. The report aims to look into the causes behind the conflict within the organizations, the different types of the conflicts and the factors that influence the incidents of organizational conflict. The report, on the concluding note, attempts to look into some ways that may be helpful in the management of the conflicts that arise among the members of the organization. Organizational Conflict A condition at the workplace that includes the misunderstanding or miscommunication among the employees of the organization due to the actual or the perceived contradiction of the needs, interests and values may be referred to as the organizational conflict. There may be many forms of conflict that takes place in the organizations. The clash between the formal power and authority and the sufferers or the affected groups and individuals. There may be disputes over the issues of division of revenues, the ways in which the task at hand might be accomplished. The conflicts may also arise over the working hours and techniques of the employees. There may occur some jurisdictional disagreements among the departments, individuals and among the management and the employee unions that exist within the concern (Katzenbach Smith, 2015). The subtle forms of the conflicts refer to the jealousies, rivalries, personality clashes, struggles for the favor and power and the role divisions. The individ ual employees may respond differently to the various demanding situations that arise in the process of working. Influencing factors There are various factors that may influence the conflicts that may arise within an organization. Lack of clarity of responsibility Conflict arises in a situation where the responsibility of the employees is not clearly mentioned. In order to avoid these situations, the responsibilities and roles of each member must be stated clearly in advance in order to avoid such discrepancies. These discrepancies lead to conflicts within the concern in future (Prause Mujtaba, 2015). Interpersonal relationships The issues of interpersonal relationship among the employees may lead to the conflicts that arise within an organization. The difference in the personalities of the employees may at times prove helpful towards the solving of the conflicts that arise in the workplace. Scarce resources Inadequate resources often lead to the developments of issues at the workplace, which in the due course of time may lead to the serious conflicts. Members of an organization often compete with each other on the availability of the resources like the materials required, the amount of money that needs to be spent, and the time required for the completion of the task at hand. Interest issues The disorientation between the organizational goals and the goals of the concerned individual may lead to a conflict. The concerned individual may fight for his own personal goals, which in turn leads to the hindrances in the overall success of the project that the team is working on. Apart from the above-discussed factors, there are more factors that influence the conflicts that take place within an organization. These factors include both the individual and the factors dealing with the activities that involve a number of individuals. The conflict that arises when a managerial staff breaches or defies the norms of the given organization may be termed to be an inter-individual conflict within the organization (Abiodun, 2014). The individual factors that result in conflicts within the organization are the beliefs, personality orientation, attitudes and other such human frailties that exist within the individuals working in an organization (Moore, 2014). Types of conflict arising in the organizations There are several types of conflicts that may arise within an organization. The primary types of conflict that the organizations generally face are enlisted below. Relationship conflict This type of conflict may arise from the interpersonal tension that exists between the employees of the concerned organization. These conflicts are concerned intrinsically with the persons. They do not concern the project or the assignment at hand. Task conflict These conflicts arise from the discordance that exists among the employees regarding the nature of the particular job at hand. These conflicts generally involve the members of the organization and the management of the concerned organization (de Wit, Jehn Scheepers, 2013). Conflict of process This conflict arises among the members of the same team. These conflicts arise from the differences in the opinions of the members regarding the ways in which the task should be completed. In order to avoid these conflicts, the team members must discuss the work strategy before commencing the job. The investor of the Target Corporation William Ackman had raised an issue with the management of the retailer chain. The conflict in this case was raised in the field of the change that Ackman felt was necessary in the business strategy of the organization. Organizational conflict may also refer to the personal conflicts, the intergroup conflicts and the intragroup conflicts. The personal conflicts refer to the ones that exist between two members of the organization. These conflicts arise due to the mutual dislike that exists between the members. The intergroup conflicts, as the name suggests, refer to the conflicts that may arise due to the differences in the opinions between two groups of members that wok within the same organization. The intragroup conflicts refer to the conflicts between the members of the same work group. These differences arise from the lack of resources, liberty of the employees of the team and other such internal factors (Babatunde, 2013). Causes of the conflict There are many causes that result in the organizational conflicts to arise. These causes are enlisted below. Expectations of the managerial staff The management expects all the employees to meet the targets that are set by their superiors. The discrepancies in the understanding of the task at hand or the inability on the part of the employee to achieve the set targets results in the conflicts that arise in the concerned workplace. Disruption in the communication One of the major causes of the conflicts that arise in the workplace is the disruption that occurs within the members working in the same organization. These conflicts may arise in situations where a member may be in need for some information from another colleague who does not reply in a proper manner or does not provide with the needed information (Halevy et al, 2014). Misunderstanding This is the most common cause of the arousal of conflict within an organization. These conditions may arise when one member of the organization misinterprets the information that has been conveyed to him. This may lead to the creation of a number of conflicts that may prove disturbing towards the overall growth of the organization (Chen et al, 2012). Accountability lack There may be situations in the organization whereby the responsibilities of the member are not clearly stated. In any dispute and mistake conditions that arise, no member of the concerned team or group is ready to take responsibility. This may lead to conflicts between the employees of the organization. In order to resolve the conflicts within the organization, the factors that cause the conflicts must be clearly addressed. These conflicts if unresolved may pose a hindrance to the effectiveness, efficiency and the productivity of the members employed within the organization. This may hamper the overall growth of the company thereby reducing the success of the company on a larger scale. Ways to manage the conflicts The arousal of conflicts within an organization is an inevitable condition. The concerned company must devise various ways to deal with those conflicts; thereby helping the organization to bring about a rise in the productivity. The conflicts within an organization must be handled positively in order to avoid the recurrence of the same problem. The company should have a proper procedure to address the grievances of the all the members of the concerned organization. The organizational managers should concentrate more on the causes of the conflict rather than the effects of the same in order to assess the conflicts in a proper manner. The parties involved in the conflict must have an equal say while the conflict is being addressed. The parties must not be judged based on their terms, position in the company or the political influence that they may have over the other members of the organization. The active participation of all the members involved in the conflict should be demanded in order to counter the situation that may result from the situation of the conflict (Graham, 2014). IBM, for example, is benefitted from the diversity that it has in terms of the employees of the organization. The employees of the organization participate actively in order to solve the issues that may arise within the organization. Theories of organizational conflicts There may be many theories that explain the issues of the organizational conflicts. Some of these theories are the Organizational Conflict Theory, the Conflict Management Theory Organizational Conflict Theory The conflict at the workplace is inevitable. The organizational conflict theory states that there are a varied number of conflicts that arise within an organization. Interpersonal conflicts being the most common type of workplace conflict, there are some other areas of conflict as well. These include the inter-departmental conflicts, the struggle for power among the senior managerial members, the inter-organizational conflicts. According to some of the theorists, these conflicts must be resolved to allow the smooth progress of the organization, while others opine that the conflicts at the workplace helps to drive the company towards success (Nain, 2017). Interpersonal Conflicts The interpersonal conflicts suggest that the members of a given organization may not always mix well with each other. The members of the organization may not wish to socialize among themselves while they are at their workplace. In case of work, if they are to work together, conflict may be seen between them (Mikkelsen Clegg, 2017). Role Conflict The other type of conflict includes role conflicts. These conflicts are not due to their individual personalities or values but results from situations relating to their roles and responsibilities. These kinds of conflicts are witnessed in instances wherein a nurse manager ordering a nurse not to perform tests on a patient as his insurance does not cover those tests, whereas the nurse is bound by her ethical boundaries to save the patient. These conflicts are usually resolved by the higher authorities. Maturity and Immaturity Theory The maturity theory holds the view that people should want to develop and mature in their professional lives in the similar way as they do in their personal lives. This is in conflict with the Immaturity theory, which is witnessed in many hierarchy-based industries where the tasks are segregated in micro-specialties. This limits the growth area of the employees thus providing dissatisfaction of the workers as whole. This leads to conflict between the people following the two theories. From an individual point of view the workers might develop resentment and might begin forming unions, and in extreme cases revolt. Industries promoting an intense level of specialization and less flexibility may usually witness frequent conflicts resulting from the maturity-immaturity theory (Lumineau, Eckerd Handley, 2015). Intergroup conflict This is a common occurrence at workplace scenarios where one group of workers might find themselves at a face-to-face junction with another group. This happens when, in order to perform one of their tasks, one group creates or rather obstructs the workflow of another group. This might be very damaging to the organization body as a whole if escalated. Thus, such a problem needs to be resolved as soon as it arises (Kerzner, 2013). Causes There are several plausible causes of organizational conflicts. Mostly they involve factors such as mismatch of opinions between members of the same team or maybe a difference of understanding between authorities at workplace (Franks et al, 2014). A few main reasons for conflicts in organizational environment are discussed below. Communication Issues One of the most significant issues of organizational conflicts include poor communication or miscommunication. Different communication patterns often lead to misinterpretation of various topics, which lead to a false impact on the brain regarding the person talking on the topic. This results in a conflicting attitude on the discussion itself. A simple instance like a manager reassigning a workers task to his/her colleague, but failing to mention it to the concerned worker, or communicating his intentions to the worker before assigning the task, might lead to the employee harboring negative perception about the manager. Repetitive occurrences of this nature in the future might lead to the employees poor organizational conduct as a whole or towards the manager and might lead to serious organizational conflicts. Thus, it can be observed how miscommunication or absence of proper communication leads to conflict within an organization. Hence, poor communication not only gives rise to confl icts in the workplace itself but also negatively affects productivity of the entire working group (Odle-Dusseau, Britt Greene-Shortridge, 2012). Organizational Structure The structure wherein an organization is formed plays a very determining role in the conflict area. A simple example can be observed in the fact that in case of a matrix-structured company, decisional conflicts are almost built-in, as it is specified in the structure itself that an employee should report to two bosses (Gelfand et al, 2012). This type of a structure will almost always lead to confusion as the company is segmented into smaller parts, always having two opinions on one issue. Authority Responsibility Relationship The design of authority in the organizational structure determines the chances of arising of a conflict. An ill-defined authorityresponsibility relationship will definitely lead to a conflict. The lack of consistency in work is observed when such authority-responsibility relationships are not properly or rather clearly defined. Communication problems creep in and crack open wedges of conflict. Inter-group conflicts are usual results of such weak organizational structures (Sonnentag, Unger Ngel, 2013). Contradicting Personalities This encircles one of the most common reasons for conflict in office scenarios. Differences in personality in the workplace are as common and expected as sand on a seashore. Employees come to work from different ethnic backgrounds, having had different experiences and harbor a different and individualistic mindset, thus forming a unique character of each to understand. In the case when one worker fails to understand the other in certain areas or maybe in areas relating to the area of the work assigned to them, conflicts take place (Deyoe Fox, 2012). A proper instance might include having a straightforward-minded employee who believes in speaking the truth or what he feels directly, without considering the effects of it. This straightforward persona might affect or insult the other workers surrounding if it is such a topic. Sometimes the person with the straightforward attitude might feel offended as well in case the other workers do not behave in that manner with him and keep stuff away from him. Frustration and Stress Conflict arises in situations where the parties involved are too stressed out or frustrated with their own work. Stressed out people are more likely to start a quarrel with a properly functioning co-worker. This shall in turn reduce productivity on the overall front. Causes of such stress can be as simple as unwanted noise, lack of privacy, untidy workplace, or very serious such as threats of violence, harassment, extreme negative criticism (Riaz Junaid, 2012). Competition centering Resources Resources like equipment, money or time are usually limited and scarce. It is a very natural phenomenon that competition among workers for such resources is a frequent source of conflict. Cutting-edge gadgets and accessories like laptops and iPhones might be allocated to a certain rank of employees whereas others may be deprived of it. Some employees might hold the view that those technical devices are crucial for their productivity and might revolt in extreme cases. This leads to severe competition at times. Such unhealthy competition gives rise to an unethical environment in the office itself, thus lowering the workplace morale as a whole. This in turn demotes teamwork and encourages individualism (Katz Flynn, 2013). Dependency Issues One of the significant causes of conflict involves task interdependence. The cases where completion of ones task involves other co-workers to perform equally their tasks, conflicts regarding efficiency or sincerity of the co-workers, are usually seen. Group projects, like creating an advertisement for an item usually suffers from such conflicts, as one is dependent on the creative team for the main design and layout, the photographer for the visual effects and so on and so forth. Lack of efficiency in one sector holds the potential to disrupt the entire workflow into conflicts (Meier et al, 2013). Incompatible Goals Goals are an important, rather the most fundamental aspect of an organization. For an organization to run as a well-oiled machine it needs hard-working employees who have a proper understanding of their individualistic goals. In an organization, incompatibility in goals may arise due to the different ways of compensation of the managers. A typical example can be considered in the case of a sales manager. A sales managers income may be related to the number of sales made for the company. This might tempt an individual to provide customers freebies, in order to increase delivery and thus sales. On the other hand, the transportation companys income might be linked to the amount of money it can save on various transportation modes. This leads to a conflict between the two bodies and will be at it until the company resolves the issue via some sort of compensation. Difference in Values Sometimes there exists a certain age gap between the employees at the workplace. Although this is mostly a good thing as the junior get a lot of experience and can as well learn from the senior people, but this also leads to certain conflicts between people sharing a generation gap. The values have changed down the time due to the advancement of society, and the society has become more open and accepting too many new reforms, which may not always sit right with the older generation. The difference in values is not always the harbinger of conflicts but the arrogance to of not accepting such change is. Dealing on the lines of such values, quarrels often breakout and insults only fuel such conflicts (Cahn Abigail, 2014). Outcomes of Conflict Conflicts, in general, are problematic for the organization as a whole. A few of such negative impacts are mentioned below: Mental strain is caused between both the parties involved in the conflict. Mutual discontentment is harbored between the two conflicting parties. During issues of arguments, feelings of defeat or domination might be felt which would decrease individual morale or in severe cases might lead to feelings of harassment in workplaces. A group under constant subordinate conflict might feel threatened. Communication breakdown is a common result of conflicts as well. Extreme and repetitive case of conflicts might lead to resignation of an employee. An atmosphere of mistrust builds up which naturally obstructs proper functioning of the members as a team. Productivity is usually lowered a lot, if the conflicts are not resolved (Russ, 2013). All conflicts are not absolutely detrimental although there are several downsides of organizational conflicts. Some of the noteworthy positive or favorable outcomes are as follows: Due to conflicts a broad range of ideas are considered, thus resulting in a better and more universally accepted idea across the organization. Inaccurate assumption on various topics is surfaced. There is an overall increase in creativity and participation around the office. Individual views that might be sensitive and necessary are acknowledged as well as corrected which in turn help in learning Usually after a conflict is resolved the bonding between co-workers increase. People come to understand each other better after a conflict thus reducing chances of further conflict. In some sort of way, conflicts also release pent up strain (Horton, Bayerl Jacobs, 2014). These conflicts need to be resolved in a proper fashion so as to maintain a balance in the workplace. The proper management of these conflicts constitutes the Conflict Management theory. Conflict Management Theory Conflict management refers to the practice of being able to identify and handle conflicts sensibly, fairly and efficiently. Conflict management may be defined as the opportunity to strengthen relationships and improve situations. Conflicts at workplaces are highly common a subject and most importantly they require attention for their solution. The underlying concept is that both the parties should understand their conflict to be a problem, which needs to be solved mutually so that both parties end up, satisfied. Interpersonal skills help a lot in this area. Proper conveying of the problems that one feels or proper delivery of the arguments one party has instead of randomly throwing opinions at the other party, helps not only to resolve conflicts but also to prevent them in the first place. Self-awareness is highly essential in this arena to let other people understand the viewpoint and motive behind one partys action and thus resolve conflict (Spaho, 2013). The understanding the othe r person and analyzing their strengths and weaknesses helps a lot in managing organizational conflicts. Assertiveness is the method of expressing thoughts and feelings while asking for what one wants in an appropriate way, thus clearing out confusion and avoiding conflicts to some extent. Five conflict management styles that can be followed effectively to obtain a solution are enlisted below. Avoidance or Withdrawal The individual tries to ignore the conflict passively instead of actually resolving it. He stays neutral in order to avoid the conflict entirely. In case of the Fuji Heavy Industry, the communications regarding the resolving of the issues of payment is done mainly in a more polite manner rather than the aggressive manner that is followed in the other organizations. Accommodation or smoothing: In this style, a more submissive approach is observed. The individual gives in passively to other party in order to resolve the conflict. They smoothen over the differences in mentality to preserve harmony. This method sometimes defines precedence and does not completely involve the participants as one gives in, though this resolves the situation and enhances the ego of the other party (Ellis Abbott, 2012). The CEOs of the companies Apple and Samsung, for example, had organized a meeting with a judge in the U.S. District Court of Northern Carolina in order to attempt a resolution to the high profile patent case that was filed by Apple. Compromise Bargaining is involved in this case, which takes into account the interests of each party so as to create a win-win situation. A give-and-take policy is applied in this style, keeping in mind what is acceptable to each party. Hence, in this case a win-win scenario is created thus satisfying both the parties involved in the conflict. This may lead to everyone feeling like a dead end in some situations though this shows good will and creates friendship (Sudha Khan, 2013). In case of the United Auto Workers and the Ford Motor Company, for example, there have been an agreement that they would participate in the integrative style of bargaining. This might help them to bring about a boost in the competitiveness of the automobile industry by putting forward the solutions that may prove to be mutually acceptable for both the organizations. Competitive or authoritative In this case, one of the two parties tries to resolve the conflict via aggressive behavior or by force or authoritative influence. This style usually results in a less satisfied party and a victorious one. The victor usually obtains gains. This style, on a negative view, establishes battleground for the next conflict and gives rise to a series of conflicts. It may also cause in loss or withdrawal of important parties from the organization (Collewaert Fassin, 2013). Collaboration This is the most acceptable style of conflict resolving. In this case, the parties jointly try to resolve the problems with the most optimal solution acceptable to all the parties, although this creates an everyone wins scenario this is usually very hard to achieve at all times. The maintenance or following of the above styles for management of conflicts in organizations usually lead to resolving of the conflict. In addition to these styles, good inter personal skills, self-awareness, empathy, sympathy, confidence, clarity in conversation and other such qualities are required as mentioned above. There is a high chance of resolving that conflict if all these qualities are kept in mind whenever a conflict surfaces (Nielsen Einarsen, 2012). Conclusion In lieu of the above discussion, it may be said that organizational conflicts are an inevitable part of any and every organization. There are no such organization that is devoid of conflicts. Organizational conflicts, although undesirable are at times necessary for improvement in a few sectors. There may be various influential factors and causes for organizational conflicts. A noteworthy few of them include communication problems, personality differences, and competition for limited resources. The types of conflicts may vary from individual conflicts to inter-group and intra-group conflicts, from role-based conflicts to ethical-dilemma-centered conflicts. These conflicts, as explained earlier, result mostly in negative situations like mistrust among groups, communication breakdown and in extreme cases resignation of employees take place, there are a few positive impacts of conflicts as well, which include better understanding of one anothers viewpoints and better bonding once the conflict is resolved. To resolve these conflicts in an organization, conflict management theory can be followed. This theory encircles concepts, which can be followed to avoid conflicts in the first place or resolve conflicts once it has arisen. Proper application of interpersonal skills along with proper implementation of self-awareness concern and clarity in conversation usually helps the conflicts to be resolved. 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